The different concepts of artificial intelligence

In the European Artificial Intelligence Strategy, the following is given (European Commission, 2018b): 

“Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions – to achieve specific goals. AI-base systems can be purely software-based, acting in the virtual world (e.g. voice assistants, image analysis software, search engines, speech and face recognition systems) or AI can be embedded in hardware devices (e.g. advanced robots, autonomous cars, drones or Internet of Things applications).[…].”

Another classification of AI, which is also more widely used by the public, provides for the following subdivision (Southgate et al., 2019): Artificial narrow intelligence:

Refers to AI systems that focus on solving concrete application problems, which have been developed and trained specifically for them. In performing the tasks, the system may outperform human performance, but they do not have the general scope of intelligent behaviour that humans have. All systems that exist today fall into this category of weak AI.

Artificial general Intelligence:

Refers to AI systems that have the same intelligence as humans. They would act on their own initiative. These systems exist only in science fiction movies.

Resources

TEXT: TACCLE-AI – Artificial Intelligence in the Policies, Processes and Practices of Vocational Education and Training

• Chapter 3.1 Understanding of the term Artificial Intelligence
• Description: Insight into the topic
• Link: https://taccleai.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/TaccleAI_FullReport_IO1.pdf 
• [ENG]

VIDEO: What is Artificial Intelligence (or Machine Learning)?

• Description: The evolution of AI and the differences between reality and science fiction
• Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mJeNghZXtMo 
• [ENG]